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2022-04-14Composition and working principle of lubrication system
Lubrication system: the general name of a series of components and their accessories that provide lubrication for the working parts of the engine.
- Working principle: after the engine rotates, it rotates through the gear driven oil pump, and the oil pump rotates to suck the oil in the oil pan into the oil pump through the suction filter. The oil pump is pressurized, and the maximum pressure is controlled by the pressure regulating valve to be no more than 6bar. Then the pressure oil enters the oil filter for filtration, and the filtered oil enters the oil cooler for cooling. After cooling, the oil lubrication and cooling effect is better, The cooled oil enters all moving parts of the engine for lubrication and cooling.
- Note: the oil direction and control of the lubrication system of cursor11 & 13 and cursor9 are the same, but the engine braking solenoid valve (controlling whether the engine braking works or not) is located in the valve cover.
Basic knowledge and selection of lubrication system
- Composition of lubricating oil: lubricating oil is composed of 70% – 95% base oil (mineral oil and synthetic oil) and 5% – 30% additives. The role of additives is to change the characteristics of lubricating oil and is an important part of lubricating oil.
- For example, the addition of detergent can prevent the insoluble substances generated by the reaction at high temperature; The addition of dispersant can prevent the formation of sediment at low temperature; After adding defoamer, bubbles can be prevented.
Functions of lubricating oil: lubrication, cooling, cleaning, combustion sealing, damping, shock absorption and protection. - Lubrication is its main function. It can form an oil film on the metal surface, prevent the contact and friction of parts, reduce the running resistance and component wear, and prolong the service life of the engine.
- Key 1: because additives can change the characteristics of lubricating oil, the mixing of engine oil and grease of different brands will lead to oil deterioration, so it is strictly prohibited to mix them.
- Selection of lubricating oil: two parameters should be paid attention to when selecting lubricating oil: performance grade of engine oil and viscosity grade of engine oil.
● performance level:
The performance grade of engine oil is the standard to evaluate the performance of engine oil. It has two standards, one is formulated by ACEA in Europe and the other is formulated by API in the United States.
API lubricating oil, the lower the letter, the higher the quality. If the quality of CB is greater than that of ca.
The higher the number, the higher the quality of ACEA lubricating oil. If the quality of E2 is greater than that of E1.
- viscosity grade:
The viscosity grade of engine oil is the temperature range applicable to the specified engine oil, which is defined by the American Society of motor vehicle engineers.
For example: SAE 10w-40, in 10W, w represents winter, 10 represents the lowest temperature applicable to the engine oil, and 40 represents the highest temperature applicable to the engine oil;
- Key point 2: beyond the applicable temperature of the engine oil, the viscosity of the engine oil will increase or decrease, and the performance and reliability of the engine will be greatly affected;
Maintenance of lubrication system
- Note: when we replace any of the following maintenance, we must turn off the engine and carry out it at normal temperature to prevent scalding.
● change the oil
- 1. Place a container under the oil drain (3) to collect used lubricating oil.
- 2. Loosen the filler cap (2) and remove the oil drain plug (3). After the oil in the oil pan is completely drained, screw the oil drain plug back to its original position.
- 3. Fill the oil through the oil hole on the flywheel housing or the position shown in figure (2). See the filling table for the oil and filling amount.
- 4. Use the oil dipstick (1) to check whether the oil level is between the upper and lower scales, roughly above the middle of the two marks.
- 5. Dispose of waste oil according to current regulations.
- Exclusive knowledge of shangfeihong:
1. Cursor9 recommended oil filling volume is 25 ~ 27L.
2. The oil filling volume of cursor11 and cursor13 is 27 ~ 29L.
3. The oil level can be above the middle scribed line.
4. In order to ensure the accuracy of measurement, the engine must be kept horizontal.
5. To ensure the accuracy of measurement, measure when the engine is stopped.
6. Check the oil level at least 15 minutes after shutdown. Ensure that there is enough time for the oil to flow back to the oil pan. - Key 3: do not run the engine when the liquid level is lower than the low mark (lower bump on the oil dipstick) or higher than the high mark (upper bump on the oil dipstick). Failure to do so may result in performance degradation or engine damage.
● replace the engine oil filter
- Exclusive knowledge of shangfeihong:
- 1. Cursor9 recommended oil filling volume is 25 ~ 27L.
- 2. The oil filling volume of cursor11 and cursor13 is 27 ~ 29L.
- 3. The oil level can be above the middle scribed line.
- 4. In order to ensure the accuracy of measurement, the engine must be kept horizontal.
- 5. To ensure the accuracy of measurement, measure when the engine is stopped.
- 6. Check the oil level at least 15 minutes after shutdown. Ensure that there is enough time for the oil to flow back to the oil pan.
- Key 3: do not run the engine when the liquid level is lower than the low mark (lower bump on the oil dipstick) or higher than the high mark (upper bump on the oil dipstick). Failure to do so may result in performance degradation or engine damage.
● replace the engine oil filter
- Upper Philippine red cursor9 engine:
1. Loosen the screws (2) and remove the gear housing cover (1).
2. Remove the centrifugal filter (3) from below and replace it.
3. Reinstall the gear housing cover (1) and tighten it as required.
Upper Philippine red cursor13 engine:
- 1. Loosen screw 2 and remove gear housing cover (1).
- 2. Remove and replace the centrifugal filter element on camshaft gear, and lock the screw with the required torque.
- 3. Reinstall the gear housing cover (1) and tighten it as required
● clean the external oil-gas separator
- 1. loosen the oil-gas separator cover (3) on the engine external oil-gas separator assembly (1).
- 2. Remove the filter element (2) of the oil-gas separator and clean the filter element (2) with clean gasoline.
Dry the oil-gas separator filter element (2) after cleaning. - 3. Install the oil-gas separation filter element into the oil-gas filter assembly and tighten the oil-gas separator cover (3) as required.
- Note: if the filter element sealant strip or the filter element is cracked during cleaning, it needs to be replaced.
Summary: through the study of this chapter, we learned the maintenance of engine lubrication system. I hope you can apply what you have learned and maintain the engine carefully and on time, so that our engine will not retire early.
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